Semantic publishing
Semantic publishing on the Web or semantic web publishing refers to publishing information on the web as documents accompanied by semantic markup. Semantic publication provides a way for computers to understand the structure and even the meaning of the published information, making information search and data integration more efficient.
Although semantic publishing is not specific to the Web, it has been driven by the rising of the semantic web. In the semantic web, published information is accompanied by metadata describing the information, providing a "semantic" context.
Although semantic publishing has the potential to change the face of web publishing, acceptance depends on the emergence of compelling applications. Web sites can already be built with all contents in both HTML format and semantic format.[1] RSS1.0, uses RDF (a semantic web standard) format, although it has become less popular than RSS2.0 and Atom.[2]
Semantic publishing has the potential to revolutionize scientific publishing. Tim Berners-Lee predicted in 2001 that the semantic web “will likely profoundly change the very nature of how scientific knowledge is produced and shared, in ways that we can now barely imagine”.[3] Revisiting the semantic web in 2006, he and his colleagues believed the semantic web “could bring about a revolution in how, for example, scientific content is managed throughout its life cycle”.[4] Researchers could directly self-publish their experiment data in "semantic" format on the web. Semantic search engines could then make these data widely available. The W3C interest group in healthcare and life sciences is exploring this idea.[5]
Two approaches
- Publish information as data objects using semantic web languages like RDF and OWL. Ontology is usually developed for a specific information domain, which can formally represent the data in its domain. Semantic publishing of more general information like product information, news, and job openings uses so-called shallow ontology.[2] The SWEO Linking Open Data Project[6] maintains a list of data sources[7] that follow this approach as well as a list of Semantic Publishing Tools.[8]
- Embed formal metadata in documents using new markup languages like RDFa and Microformats.
Examples of ontologies and vocabularies for publishing
Examples of free or open source tools and services
- Ambra Project is open source software designed to publish open access journals with RDF. Used by PLoS.
- Semantic MediaWiki: An extension to the wiki application MediaWiki that allows users to semantically annotate data on the wiki, and then republish it in formats such as RDF XML.
- Swoogle: A search engine for ontologies and instance data on the Web.
- Ufeed: Tool for publishing data resources and data feeds in RDF, including product information, news, events, jobs and studies.
- D2R Server: Tool for publishing relational databases on the Semantic Web as Linked Data and SPARQL endpoints.
- BigBlogZoo: Regularly crawls 60,000 XML sources and reaggregates articles under a Semantic URL. Adopts the DMOZ RDF classification schema.
- Utopia: Interactive documents
See also
External Links
Notes
References
- W3C: W3C is developing semantic web infrastructures and standards through its many semantic web activities.
- Resource Description Framework (RDF): a language for representing information about resources in the World Wide Web.
- Web Ontology Language (OWL): OWL facilitates greater machine interoperability of Web content.
- Berners-Lee, Tim; Hendler, James (April 26, 2001). "Scientific publishing on the ‘semantic web’". Nature (410 pp=1023 - 1024). http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/bernerslee.htm.
- Shadbolt, Nigel; Berners-Lee, Tim; Hall, Wendy (May/June 2006). "The Semantic Web Revisited". IEEE Intelligent Systems 21 (3). http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/12614/01/Semantic_Web_Revisted.pdf.
- Stefan Gradmann: From Catalogs to Graphs: Changing Terms for a Changing Profession
Further reading
- Attwood, T. K., Kell, D. B., McDermott, P., Marsh, J., Pettifer, S. R., Thorne, D., et al. (2009). Calling International Rescue: knowledge lost in literature and data landslide! The Biochemical journal, 424(3), 317-33. doi:10.1042/BJ20091474
- Batchelor, C.R., and Corbett, P.T. (2007) Semantic enrichment of journal articles using chemical named entity recognition. Proceedings of the ACL 2007 Demo and Poster Sessions, pages 45–48, Prague, June 2007.
- Shotton, D. (2009), 'Semantic publishing: the coming revolution in scientific journal publishing’. Learned Publishing 22(2), 85-94. doi:10.1087/2009202
- David Shotton,Katie Portwin, Graham Klyne, and Alistair Miles. Adventures in Semantic Publishing: Exemplar Semantic Enhancements of a Research Article 2009 April 17. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000361
|
|
Background |
|
|
Sub-topics |
|
|
Applications |
|
|
Related topics |
|
|
Standards |
Syntax & Supporting Technologies
|
|
|
Schemas, Ontologies & Rules
|
|
|
Semantic Annotation
|
|
|
Common Vocabularies
|
|
|
|